Small Business GuideUpdated for 2026 Tax Year

How to Fill Out a W-2 for Your First Employee

Congratulations on hiring your first employee! Now comes the paperwork. This guide walks you through every box on the W-2 form so you can file correctly and avoid IRS penalties.

January 31, 2026

Deadline to give W-2 to employees

6 Copies Required

Employee, SSA, state, and your records

$50-$290 Penalty

Per form for late or incorrect filing

What You Need Before Starting

Before you fill out the W-2, gather these documents and information:

Your Business Information

  • Employer Identification Number (EIN)
  • Legal business name and address
  • State employer ID number (if applicable)

Employee Information

  • Social Security number (from W-4)
  • Full legal name and current address
  • Completed Form W-4 on file

Payroll Records

  • Total wages paid during the year
  • Federal income tax withheld
  • Social Security and Medicare taxes withheld

Benefits & Deductions

  • Retirement plan contributions (401k, etc.)
  • Health insurance premiums (if pre-tax)
  • State and local taxes withheld

Don't have all this information organized? Your paystubs contain year-to-date totals for all these categories. If you've been generating paystubs throughout the year, you already have what you need.

W-2 Box-by-Box Instructions

Follow these instructions to fill out each box correctly

Form W-2 Wage and Tax Statement 2025

Copy A — For Social Security Administration

a

Employee's SSN

b

Employer's EIN

c

Employer's name, address, ZIP

e & f

Employee's name and address

1

Wages, tips, other comp.

2

Federal income tax withheld

3

Social Security wages

4

Social Security tax withheld

5

Medicare wages and tips

6

Medicare tax withheld

15

State / Employer's state ID

16-17

State wages / State tax

1Employer Information (Boxes a-c)

Box a: Employee's Social Security Number

Enter your employee's 9-digit SSN exactly as shown on their Social Security card. Format: XXX-XX-XXXX

Box b: Employer Identification Number (EIN)

Your business's 9-digit EIN. Format: XX-XXXXXXX. Don't have one? Apply for an EIN.

Box c: Employer's Name, Address, and ZIP Code

Your legal business name and mailing address. Use the same name you used when applying for your EIN.

2Employee Information (Boxes e-f)

Box e: Employee's Name

Full legal name exactly as shown on their Social Security card. First name, middle initial, last name.

Box f: Employee's Address

Current mailing address including street, city, state, and ZIP code.

3Wages and Taxes (Boxes 1-6)

Box 1: Wages, Tips, Other Compensation

Total taxable wages paid during the year. This is gross wages minus pre-tax deductions (401k, health insurance, FSA). This is the amount subject to federal income tax.

💡 This should match the YTD Gross on your employee's final paystub of the year (minus pre-tax deductions).

Box 2: Federal Income Tax Withheld

Total federal income tax you withheld from the employee's paychecks throughout the year. This is based on their W-4 selections.

Box 3: Social Security Wages

Total wages subject to Social Security tax. Usually the same as Box 1, but capped at $168,600 for 2025 (the wage base limit).

Box 4: Social Security Tax Withheld

Total Social Security tax withheld. Should be Box 3 × 6.2% (maximum $10,453.20 for 2025).

Box 5: Medicare Wages and Tips

Total wages subject to Medicare tax. Usually the same as Box 1. No wage cap for Medicare.

Box 6: Medicare Tax Withheld

Total Medicare tax withheld. Should be Box 5 × 1.45%. Additional 0.9% on wages over $200,000.

4State and Local Taxes (Boxes 15-20)

Box 15: State / Employer's State ID Number

Two-letter state abbreviation and your state employer ID number. This is different from your federal EIN.

Box 16: State Wages, Tips, etc.

Total wages subject to state income tax. Often the same as Box 1.

Box 17: State Income Tax

Total state income tax withheld. Leave blank if your state has no income tax (e.g., TX, FL, WA).

Boxes 18-20: Local Taxes

For cities or localities that impose income tax. Only fill in if applicable to your location.

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W-2 Deadlines You Can't Miss

January 31, 2026

Deadline to give W-2 to employees. Must be postmarked, hand-delivered, or electronically available by this date. Also the deadline to file with SSA.

Jan 31

February 28, 2026 (Paper Filing)

If you're filing paper W-2s with the SSA (fewer than 250 forms), this is the mailing deadline. Electronic filing is strongly recommended.

Feb 28

March 31, 2026 (Electronic Filing)

Extended deadline if you file W-2s electronically with the SSA. Required if filing 250+ forms.

Mar 31

Late Filing Penalties

  • $50 per form if filed within 30 days of deadline
  • $120 per form if filed more than 30 days late but by August 1
  • $290 per form if filed after August 1 or not at all
  • $580 per form for intentional disregard of filing requirements

Common W-2 Mistakes to Avoid

❌ Wrong Social Security Number

Verify the SSN against the employee's Social Security card. Transposed digits are the #1 cause of W-2 corrections.

❌ Misspelled Names

Name must match Social Security records exactly. "Bob" instead of "Robert" will cause issues.

❌ Box 1 ≠ Box 3

These are often different due to pre-tax deductions or the Social Security wage cap. Don't assume they're equal.

❌ Missing State Information

If your state has income tax, boxes 15-17 must be completed. Each state may have different requirements.

❌ Using Wrong Tax Year Forms

W-2 forms are year-specific. Make sure you're using 2025 forms for 2025 wages (filed in early 2026).

❌ Forgetting to File W-3

Form W-3 is a summary that must accompany all W-2s sent to the SSA. It totals all W-2 amounts.

Pro Tip: Use a W-2 Generator

Online W-2 generators like MakePaystubPro's W-2 Generator automatically calculate tax amounts, validate entries, and create all required copies. This eliminates most common errors and saves hours of manual work.

Frequently Asked Questions

When do I need to give W-2s to employees?

You must provide W-2 forms to employees by January 31st of the year following the tax year. For 2025 wages, W-2s must be given to employees by January 31, 2026. This deadline applies whether you mail, hand-deliver, or provide electronic access to the W-2.

What if I make a mistake on the W-2?

If you discover an error after giving the W-2 to your employee, you'll need to issue a corrected W-2c form. Common errors include wrong Social Security numbers, incorrect wage amounts, or misspelled names. Issue the W-2c as soon as you discover the error.

Do I need to file W-2s with the government?

Yes, you must file Copy A of all W-2s with the Social Security Administration (SSA) by January 31st, along with Form W-3 (Transmittal of Wage and Tax Statements). You can file electronically through the SSA's Business Services Online or mail paper forms.

What's the difference between W-2 and 1099?

W-2 forms are for employees — workers whose taxes you withhold and who receive benefits. 1099-NEC forms are for independent contractors — workers who control how they do their work and pay their own taxes. Misclassifying workers can result in IRS penalties.

Do I need an EIN to issue W-2s?

Yes, you need an Employer Identification Number (EIN) to file W-2 forms. If you don't have one, apply for free on the IRS website (irs.gov) using Form SS-4. You can get an EIN immediately online if you have a valid SSN or ITIN.

How many copies of the W-2 do I need?

The W-2 has multiple copies: Copy A goes to the SSA, Copy B and Copy C go to the employee (for federal and their records), Copy D is for your records, and Copy 1 and Copy 2 go to state/local tax departments if applicable. Most online generators create all necessary copies.

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